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Health condition

When to test fertility

Test after 12 months of trying if you are under 35, after 6 months if 35 or older - and immediately if there are known risk factors on either side.

Last reviewed 2026-09-27 · Next review due 2027-09-27

Key points

  • Under 35: investigate after 12 months of regular unprotected sex; 35+: after 6 months

  • Test sooner with irregular cycles, known conditions (endometriosis, PCOS), previous chemotherapy, or testicular problems

  • Age is the strongest single fertility factor for women; male fertility declines more gradually

  • Both partners should be tested at the same time

  • Early testing costs little and protects against losing time on an undetected problem

Understanding it

About When to test fertility.

Most healthy couples conceive within a year, so guidelines set investigation thresholds at 12 months (or 6 months from age 35, when ovarian reserve decline accelerates). But thresholds are guidance, not gatekeeping: known risk factors or simple peace of mind justify earlier checks.

Cycle and ovulation assessment, ovarian reserve testing, semen analysis for the male partner, and a specialist review that either reassures or moves promptly to treatment. On the NHS, routine referrals of this kind often take 20-45+ weeks in many areas, whereas a private fertility specialist can typically see you within around two weeks, with any tests and treatment arranged promptly afterwards.

A quiet reminder

This guide is for information, not medical advice.

Your GP or specialist knows your history and can tell you which parts apply to you. If in doubt, see them - and treat sudden severe symptoms as an emergency.

Frequently asked

Common questions about When to test fertility.

Quick, plain-English answers to what people ask us most.

  • When should I consider fertility testing?

    Generally, testing is recommended after twelve months of regular, unprotected intercourse without conception for women under 35, or after six months for women over 35, though earlier testing can be considered with known risk factors or specific concerns.

  • What does fertility testing typically involve?

    For women, this often includes hormone blood tests, an ultrasound scan to assess the ovaries and womb, and sometimes a test to check the fallopian tubes are open; for men, a semen analysis is the key initial test.

  • Are there signs that suggest earlier fertility testing is worthwhile?

    Irregular or absent periods, known conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome or endometriosis, a history of pelvic infection or surgery, or a partner with a known fertility issue are all reasons to consider testing sooner rather than waiting the full standard period.

  • Is delaying fertility testing risky?

    Female fertility declines with age, particularly after 35, so delaying testing and any needed treatment can reduce the chances of success, making earlier assessment more valuable for those in this age group or with risk factors.

  • Can fertility problems be treated once identified?

    Yes, many fertility issues can be treated or managed, ranging from lifestyle adjustments and medication to assist ovulation, to more advanced treatments like IUI or IVF, depending on what's found.

  • How long does the fertility testing process take?

    Initial blood tests and scans can often be completed within a few weeks, though the full assessment, particularly if it includes a tubal patency test, may take a cycle or two to arrange around your menstrual cycle.

  • Testing early vs waiting the standard period - what's the difference?

    Waiting the standard recommended period before testing avoids unnecessary investigation for couples who are likely to conceive naturally, while earlier testing can be valuable when there are specific risk factors or when age makes time more critical to fertility chances.

  • When should I see a fertility specialist, and how quickly can I be seen privately?

    See a fertility specialist based on the timeframes above, or sooner with risk factors. NHS fertility referral waits can be lengthy; private fertility clinics can often provide an initial assessment within about one to two weeks.