Tests & procedures · UK
Diving medicals
Who needs a diving medical, what recreational and commercial assessments involve, and the conditions that need specialist review.
Key points
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Recreational divers usually self-certify with a screening questionnaire, moving to a medical examination if any answer flags; commercial divers require an annual HSE diving medical with lung function, exercise tolerance, hearing and full examination.
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Bring your dive history, medication list and specialist letters for any flagged condition, particularly asthma, cardiac history or diabetes.
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Recreational fitness-to-dive assessments are completed in a single appointment; HSE commercial certificates are issued at examination.
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Assessments should be done by doctors trained in diving medicine; UK Diving Medical Committee referees handle contested or complex recreational cases.
About this test
Published 2026-09-27 · Next review 2027-09-27
Diving medicine cares about specific physiology: conditions that could cause sudden incapacity underwater, lungs that trap gas, and a heart defect, patent foramen ovale, relevant after unexplained decompression illness. Asthma, well-controlled diabetes and many cardiac histories are compatible with diving after proper assessment, which is precisely why the medical exists: to say yes safely more often than a blanket rule would.
UKDMC-listed diving doctors offer recreational medicals nationwide, and HSE-approved doctors handle commercial certificates; book ahead of training courses, which require paperwork before pool sessions. Waiting lists for NHS outpatient assessment remain long in much of the UK, and many of these checks are not offered on the NHS at all unless you meet strict criteria. Private clinics can usually see you within days on a self-pay basis, with no GP referral needed in most cases.
Frequently asked
Common questions about Diving medicals.
Quick, plain-English answers to what people ask us most.
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What does Diving medicals cover?
Diving medicals is intended as a practical, general overview to help you understand what's involved, what to expect, and what questions to ask. It isn't a substitute for personalised medical advice, which will always take account of your individual circumstances. If anything here doesn't match your situation, a doctor can give you tailored guidance.
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Who is this relevant for?
This is generally useful for anyone considering the test, procedure or decision in question, whether prompted by symptoms, family history, or general health planning. If you're unsure whether it applies to you, a GP or specialist consultation can clarify. Everyone's circumstances differ, so individual advice is always worth seeking alongside general information like this.
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What should I do to prepare?
Preparation depends on exactly what's involved, and specific instructions should always come from the clinic or provider you're booked with. In general, it helps to have a clear list of your current medications, relevant symptoms, and any questions you want answered. Taking a little time to prepare tends to make the appointment more useful.
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What actually happens in practice?
This varies depending on exactly what's being arranged, but most processes are explained clearly step by step by the clinic involved. Staff will usually walk you through what to expect before, during and after your appointment. Don't hesitate to ask questions at any stage if something isn't clear.
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Are there any risks or downsides to be aware of?
Most of what's discussed here involves low-risk procedures or decisions, though any specific risks relevant to you will be explained by your clinician beforehand. Being informed about both the benefits and limitations helps you make a confident decision. If you have concerns, raise them directly with your doctor or the clinic before proceeding.
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How long before I get an answer or outcome?
Timeframes vary depending on exactly what's involved, but private providers generally aim to move things along more quickly than typical NHS waiting times. You'll usually be given a specific expected timeframe when you book or begin the process. If timing matters to you, it's worth asking about this upfront.
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What happens if the outcome isn't straightforward?
If something unexpected comes up, a doctor will explain what it means and what — if anything — needs to happen next. Unclear or unexpected outcomes are common and usually manageable with the right follow-up. You should always be given a clear explanation rather than being left to interpret things alone.
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Is this something the NHS provides, or is private better?
Many of the services discussed here are available through the NHS, though routine access can involve a wait for referral, appointment and results. Private providers typically offer faster access, often within days, alongside specialist review. Cost for private care varies by provider and depends on exactly what's involved.
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How reliable is the information and process involved?
Where testing or diagnosis is involved, established, clinically recognised methods are used, though no single test or process is ever 100% definitive on its own. Results and outcomes are best interpreted by a doctor in the context of your full history. This general guide is a starting point for that conversation, not a replacement for it.
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How do I get started privately?
You can usually get in touch with a private clinic directly, often without needing a GP referral, to discuss your options and book an appointment within a matter of days. It's worth being clear about what you're hoping to achieve so the clinic can point you towards the most appropriate service. Contact the clinic to ask about availability and next steps.