Hysteroscopy explained

A hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to look directly inside the womb using a thin, lighted telescope-like instrument called a hysteroscope, passed through the cervix. It helps investigate and sometimes treat conditions affecting the lining or shape of the uterus.

It is commonly used to investigate abnormal or heavy bleeding, unexplained fertility difficulties, suspected polyps or fibroids, or to follow up on an abnormal ultrasound finding. It can sometimes also be used to remove small growths during the same procedure.

You may be advised to take a pain reliever beforehand, and the procedure is often scheduled for a particular point in your cycle if you are still having periods. Your clinic will confirm whether a local anaesthetic, sedation, or general anaesthetic is planned, as preparation differs accordingly.

The hysteroscope is gently passed through the cervix into the womb, sometimes with fluid used to help the doctor see clearly, and images are viewed on a screen. Depending on the findings, a small tissue sample or removal of a polyp may be done during the same visit.

Many women experience period-like cramping during and shortly after the procedure, and this varies from mild to more uncomfortable depending on the individual and whether local anaesthetic or sedation is used. Risks are generally low but can include infection, bleeding, or, rarely, injury to the womb.

If a tissue sample is taken, histology results typically take one to two weeks. If the procedure was purely diagnostic with visual findings only, your doctor can often discuss the initial findings with you on the same day.

Depending on the finding, such as a polyp, fibroid, or abnormal lining, your doctor will discuss appropriate next steps, which could range from reassurance and monitoring to further treatment, sometimes during the same procedure.

Hysteroscopy is considered a highly reliable way to directly visualise the inside of the womb, often more informative than ultrasound alone for certain conditions, since the doctor can see the uterine lining directly.

It is available on the NHS when clinically indicated, though waiting times can vary. Private clinics offer hysteroscopy with quicker scheduling and specialist review; cost varies by provider.

Private gynaecology clinics can often arrange an initial consultation and the procedure within a couple of weeks, depending on your cycle timing and clinical urgency.